![]() ![]() There was a relationship between the presence of complaints, time of diagnosis, and the beginning of CH treatment. In a study aimed at identifying speech-language manifestations in children with CH, disorders such as delayed oral language onset, speech exchange, unintelligible speech, and hearing impairment were found. The presence of significant hearing disturbances in individuals with CH highlights the influence of TH on the embryonic development of the auditory system, and the critical period of maturation of the TH-dependent auditory system seems to be in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Classical studies have already demonstrated a significant association between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and hearing impairment, well above the prevalence in the general population. (2011) demonstrated that TH is fundamental for the morphological and functional development of the cochlea. The actions of TH are fundamental in the development of the auditory system. These disorders can occur within different spectra and forms of involvement according to the period in which hypothyroxinemia occurs. Adequate levels of TH during this period are essential, and perinatal deficiency of these hormones may result in brain maturation disturbance, intellectual deficit, and, in some cases, impairment of language, memory, and vision. In the development of the central nervous system (CNS) during fetal life and throughout the first years of life, vascularization, myelinization, dendritic arborization, synapse formation, neuronal migration, cell differentiation, and gene expression processes depend on the presence of TH. Thyroid hormone (TH) is involved in a wide range of physiological processes. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and S1 Fig and S1 File.įunding: CMRG received a grant from Sao Paulo Research Foundation (Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP). Received: JanuAccepted: Published: June 16, 2021Ĭopyright: © 2021 Pallone et al. PLoS ONE 16(6):Įditor: Paul Hinckley Delano, Universidad de Chile, CHILE (2021) Neonatal thyrotropin levels and auditory neural maturation in full-term newborns. Citation: Pallone LV, Navarra LC, Gonçalves GA, de Jesus FA, Melo DG, Ferreira RA, et al.
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